Benefits of Modulation in Telecommunication

Modulation for efficient transmission

                                                         

                      Signal transmitting over appreciable distance always involves a traveling electromagnetic wave. The efficiency of any particular transmission method depends upon the frequency of the signal being transmitted. By exploit in the frequency translation property of modulation the message can be inserted into carrier which has the frequency selected for the desired transmission method.

Modulation to overcome hardware limitation

                                             

                      The design of the communication may be constrict by the cost availability of the hardware, performance of the hardware often depends on the frequencies involved. Modulation permits that designer to place a signal in some frequency range that avoids the hardware limitation.

Modulation to reduce noise and interferences

                      A method for overcoming noise and interferences is to increase signal power until it overcomes the contamination. But increasing power is costly and may damage the equipments. Fortunately FM and certain other types of modulations have a valuable property of suppressing both noise and interferences.

Modulation for frequency assignment

                      When we tune a radio or television, particular station we are selecting one of the many signals being received at that time. Since each station has a different assigned carried frequency that desired signal can be separated from the others by filtering.

    Throughout this article I hope you may get some thing. This provides very basic explanation and future will cover more. Comments are well come. Thank you.

ATM technology in SDH

By using ATM technology, variable bit traffic is transport over SDH Network. In hybrid ATM, payload of SDH frame are filled with ATM cells by using ATM cells. The bit rates are depends on the number of ATM cells. In this system SDH traffic and ATM traffic are combined in to same SDH bearer, Nodes have the visibility of ATM cells. Therefore they separate the SDH traffic from ATMJ. And they route each one to their respective switching fabric. After they have been swathed, they may recombine in a hybrid payload, network element requires both SDH & ATM traffic management. ATM cells are mapped in conceded STS-N payload. 

SDH frames with ATM cells

Voice traffic ATM over SDH

ATM is a core protocol used over the sonnet/SDH backbone of the ISDN. All the data packets in the link always encounter full size under normal quinine conditions so that experience maximum quinine delays, so that we need some technique to avoid this. It is ATM. Reduction of this end to end delay is very much important when carrying voice traffic, because the conversion of digitized voice in to an analog audio signal is a hesitantly real time process. When there is a stream of data and in they stream there is a space and patently they data is not available. If it is valid able delayed due to quinine then we face a problem to overcome that we uses ATM over SDH.

    Throughout this article I hope you may get some thing. This provides basic explanation and future will cover more. Comments are well come. Thank you.

What are the Collected Infomation Before Impliment a Computer Network

Geographical state of the Company.

How computers are arranged in the Network.

Ex- There can be several sections in a one department, according to that information we should set up a LAN for a department.

Details about the building which we going to setup a network.

How those departments are located.

Ex-   In a same building or in different buildings. If Departments are in different buildings & the distance of two buildings are more than 100m we can’t use UTP CAT 5, for over come that should use Fiber optics cables.

Old or new building.

Ex- If the building has a historical value we should setup a Wireless Network.

Details about departments.

When we plan a structured cable design need that information.

Ex- We can use UTP CAT 5 cables for IT, Finance & HR departments but we should install STO CAT 5 cables for Production and Transport departments.

Cost of set up

What are the technologies that used for connect with each branch.

EX- Lease line, Private Lease line or over PSTN.

What are the appropriate equipments that we needed to implement the network.

EX- The type, technology, ports of Switch and Router & how these characteristics are suitable for our implementation.

When we design structure cables we can use Patch panels & Wall sockets.

What are the internet access technologies that used?

Ex- Internet Lease Line, ADSL, SDSL, IDSL

Future network expansions.

What are the additional devices that commonly used?

Ex- Printers, Scanners & other equipments.

The development of the company.

Ex- The production and Sales rates. According to these parameters we can have clear image of the future network expansions.

Security and Reliability of the system.

Redundant connection of the network.

Redundant Internet access technologies.

Administrator privilege of the PCs.

Maintain cost

The equipments must have low maintain cost.

Ex-cost of the implementation is high in Fiber optics but maintain cost is low compare to CAT 5 cables.

    Throughout this article I hope you may get some thing. This provides  basic explanation and future will cover more. Comments are well come. Thank you.