How to Uncrease the Bandwidth in Same Fiber

To increase the bandwidth in same fiber we can use several modulation techniques which can offer high spectral efficiency and high receiver sensitivity. In Oder to increase the bandwidth in we can go for different multiplexing techniques. Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), has proven more cost effective in many instances. It allows using current electronics and current fibers, but simply shares fibers by transmitting different channels at different wavelengths of light. Systems that already use fiber optic amplifiers as repeaters also do not require upgrading for most WDM systems. But nowadays people use Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing, using that we can increase the bandwidth,

Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing

For submarine cables, DWDM enhances the capacity without adding fibers, which create larger cables and bulkier and more complicated repeaters. DWDM is designed for long-haul transmission where wavelengths are packed tightly together. Vendors have found various techniques for cramming 32, 64, or 128 wavelengths into a fiber. In this each wave length, we can store different data types (STM4 or STM 5) and can transmit it. This compression exposes to carry more bandwidth at the transmitting end when multiplexing. Since each channel is demultiplexed at the end of the transmission back into the original source, different data formats being transmitted at different data rates can be transmitted together.

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